Labour Commissionerate | Schemes |Child Labour| State Action plan | Chapter – 1

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Labour & Employment Department, Government of Gujarat

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Child Labour

Classifications of Child Labour

Children are engaged in various economic activities as a paid worker or unpaid. As per ILO Report 2006, 190.7 million children are engaged in economic activities. The highest number is in agriculture sector. They are engaged in various forms of hazardous and non hazardous work in sectors like construction, brick kilns, fire works, glass factories, mining & quarry, restaurant, transport, manufacturing, etc. It is believed that child labour is the consequence of social inequality, attitude of the privileged class, lack of employment opportunities, poverty and most important lack of parental motivation. Poor family children are source of income. Legally speaking, the working children can be classified into four categories :

.	Worst form of child labour
	According to ILO Convention 182, ‘worst form of child labour’ includes all forms of slavery and practices similar to slavery such as – (i) the sale of a child; (ii) trafficking of children, meaning the recruitment of children to do work far away from home and from the care of their families, in circumstances within which they are exploited; (iii) debt bondage or any other form of bonded labour or selfdom; (iv) forced or compulsory labour including forced or compulsory recruitment of children for use in armed conflicts; (v) commercial sexual exploitation of children (CSEC) including the use, procuring or offering of a child for prostitution or production of pornography or for pornographic performances; and use, procuring or offering of a child by other for illegal activities, also known as Children Used by Adults in the Commission of Crime (CUBAC), including the trafficking or production of drugs.
.	Prohibited Child Labour
	In fact, this class of child work is hazardous or exploitive in nature, so prohibited by law and made them offensive. The Child Labour (Prohibition and Regulation) Act, 1986 prohibits 15 occupations and 57 processes and made them punishable.
.	Regulatory Child Labour
	The occupation or process, which is not prohibited by law shall follow the regulation made for employment of children.
.	Child work in assistance of their family
	Fourth category of child labour consists of children works in assistant of their family in their traditional work. Special feature of the class is neither offensive nor regulatory. In fact, in such work, there is no relationship between employer and worker, whereas in some of the cases employer himself is parent in household industry, etc.

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